Compared with the past, today's domestic machine tools have made great progress in accuracy and stability. As a result, many machine tool operators have told us that although the domestic machine tools did meet the processing requirements of the factory at first, once the machine was used for a few years, the accuracy of the machine tool will be reduced, and no foreign machine tool will behave as stable. On the other hand, the machine tools of Germany and Japan have done a good job at this point, that is, after many years of use, the accuracy of the machine tool can still be maintained. How did they do it?
First, machine tool design
This is the soul of machine tool precision. Japanese machine tools don't look special, but they are high precision and durable. Japanese high-precision machine tools have a solid grasp of design details.
For example, high rigidity and high reliability should be considered in the design. High rigidity can be cut with large parameters, and high speed can reduce machining time and improve accuracy. Needless to say, high reliability, the processing machine for large parts can be said to be "a machine tool, a golden two." The damaged parts are damaged, the processing time becomes longer, the production cycle is disrupted, the work is delayed, and the heart is exhausted. In these respects, Japanese machine tools have been considered in design.
Second, machine tool castings
The casting is the skeleton of a machine tool, which is the key to bearing the cutting torque and dispersing vibration force, and is the basis of the stability of the whole machine. Just like building a tall building, the most basic thing is to solidify the foundation. The casting is the foundation. High-precision machine tools do not have good castings. Even with the best spindle screw guides, the accuracy of the machine is difficult to maintain.
Domestic machine tools require looser castings, which are satisfactory for low prices and sufficient use. In terms of the strength of the casting, the current increase in the strength of the domestic machine tool casting is achieved by substantially reducing the carbon equivalent. Therefore, in the production of low carbon equivalent HT300, HT350, shrinkage due to an increase in shrinkage, deformation due to an increase in casting stress, deterioration in workability due to an increase in hardness is a problem frequently occurring in the production of high-grade machine tool castings.
On the other hand, Japanese and German machine tools have been used for many years and still have good precision. Castings are indispensable, and they are very hard to purchase castings. Many castings are experienced in the foundry industry or have been specially trained in casting. The casting factory is also foreign. The quality of machine tool castings is controlled by the heart and meticulous.
The third is the CNC system
The system affects the critical accuracy of the machine. At present, the imported CNC systems mainly include FANUC, Mitsubishi, Siemens, HEIDENHAIN, Rexroth, etc. The domestically produced Guangzhou CNC and Huazhong CNC.
Taking Fanuc's system as an example, Fanuc's system is suitable for all kinds of machine tools such as gantry, lying, vertical, lathe, sheet metal, etc., and has an absolute advantage in market share. Fanuc's system adopts a large number of modular structures in the design. This structure is easy to disassemble and assemble, and the various control boards are highly integrated, which greatly improves the reliability. The configured system software has relatively complete basic functions and optional functions. For general machine tools, the basic functions are fully satisfactory. In addition, a large number of rich PMC signals and PMC function instructions are provided. These rich signals and programming instructions facilitate the user to program the machine side PMC control program and increase the flexibility of programming.
In addition to the above points, the use of machine tool components, machine tool assembly and tuning will affect the long-term accuracy of the machine. Therefore, the accuracy of the machine tool is an organic component of the system, not determined by a certain factor, and is indispensable.
